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This article discusses the Mongol and Golden Horde invasions of Russia and Ukraine. It highlights the way that the Mongols treated the native Russians and how they influenced the political and cultural trends in that region of the world. This article also talks about how the Muslims dealt with the Russian Orthodox Church and its … Continue reading »

The “Mother of the Great Khans”, Sorghahtani Beki ruled as Regent in Mongolia and Nothern China after the death of her husband, Tolui, Genghis Khan’s youngest son. Speculation suggests that she refused a marriage offer from Guyuk (Ogodei’s son) to keep the throne for her sons. She exercised her power as a mother to raise … Continue reading »

https://historyofphilosophy.net/al-ghazali-incoherence   This podcast offers a concise summary of Muhammad al-Ghazali’s Incoherence of the Philosophers. Muhammad al-Ghazali was a major critic of the works of other philosophers. In this work he attacks various viewpoints of Ibn Sina, more commonly known as Avicenna. By criticizing others’ philosophies, he also asserted an emphasis on God’s absolute power in … Continue reading »

The “parallelism” between Islam, the revolution and the Isis flag dates back to early Islamic beliefs.The black and white flag decorated with Arabic lettering which in translation means ““There is no god but Allah [God]. Mohammad is the messenger of Allah”. It’s popularly interpreted in the wrong context, it’s not a war cry or rebellious … Continue reading »

This webpage article by Medium, gives a short, but detailed history of the Castle of Alamut, the epicenter of the Assassins. It first describes the original establishment of the castle by an ancient Persian King and further goes into detail about how Hassan Sabah found and took over this hidden castle. Within the castle under … Continue reading »

This site gives a simple list of the Twelve Imams along with the Prophet Muhammad and Lady Fatima as the Infallible people revered in Shi’ism. There is also a brief description of the first three Imams, Ali, Hasan, and Husayn as greatly respected helpers of the Prophet. http://shiastudies.org/article/who-are-the-12-imams   This article gives a detailed description … Continue reading »

The Kharijite were once a group that supported Ali who were from the Tamim tribe.  They were ready to support him in his battle with Mu awiyah who wanted to avenge Uthman’s death. They became upset when Ali agreed to negotiate with Mu awiyah instead of go to war with him. They were even further … Continue reading »

Zainab, Muhammad’s oldest daughter, married a merchant cousin with wealth, Abu al ‘Aas ibn al Rabi’.  When Muhammad started having revelations Zainab converted while her husband did not, causing strife.  After Muhammad’s revelation that a monotheist must not marry a polytheist, Abu al ‘Aas sent Zainab to Medina to rejoin her family.  Abu al ‘Aas … Continue reading »

In my research of this topic, it appears that the organs of the body have different symbolic meanings. The liver, specifically, symbolizes wealth and is also regarded as the “center of anger and mercy” in the bodily form. It is said that consuming a liver will bring financial freedom and prosperity into someone’s life. The … Continue reading »

This is a post I found about Jafar Ibn Abi Talib who was one of the Prophet Muhammad’s companions. He is one of the earliest converts to Islam and was personally sent by the Prophet to lead a small group of believers on a migration into Abyssinia. It was in Abyssinia where he spoke to … Continue reading »